2. BalgangadharTilak: Home Rule league:: Muslim League. (1)
3. When it was decided that in the Lahore session to celebrate 26 January 1930
as the first independence day of India, we later started to celebrate it as
republic day because: (1)
A. The historic resolution of Purna Swaraj was passed on this day
B. We got our independence on this day
C. Our constitution was adopted and enforced on 26 January 1950
4. Correct the following statements:
A. Under the Dual government all important subjects like finance and
police were under the control of the Indian ministers and the British
ministers were given the charge of education and health. (1)
B. Lala Lajpat Rai was a moderate leader. (1)
5. Enumerate the different phases of the Non-Cooperation Movement. (5)
6. Explain the Jallianwala Bagh incident and its effects.
Answers
Answer:
The Government of India Act 1909 was dissatisfactory to the aspirations of Indians.
The Congress Party’s split in 1907 and fiery leader Bal Gangadhar Tilak’s imprisonment from 1908 to 1914 meant that there was a lull in the national movement.
But Tilak’s release and the advent of Annie Besant brought about a revival of the national movement.
Annie Besant was an Irish socialist, writer and orator who supported the Irish and Indian home rule movements. She arrived in India in 1893.
The leaders in India were divided on whether to support Britain in the war or not. Annie Besant, however, declared, “England’s need is India’s opportunity”.
Having returned from exile in Mandalay, Tilak understood the need for a revival of the nationalist movement in the country.
He also understood the growing importance of the Congress Party in India’s political scene. So, his first task was to get readmitted into the party. (The extremists led by Tilak had separated from the Congress).
In the Congress session of December 1915, it was decided to let the extremists re-join the party largely due to Annie Besant’s persuasion. Besant had also recognised the need for Congress approval and the active participation of the extremists in the national struggle.
However, Besant and Tilak were not able to convince Congress to support their decision to set up home rule leagues.
Besant managed to convince the Congress to pledge to educative propaganda and the establishing of local-level committees. It was also agreed upon that if these conditions were not satisfied by September 1916, she would be free to set up a home rule league.
Accordingly, she set up her Home Rule League in September 1916.
Tilak, however, was not bound by any such condition and so had set up his league in April 1916.
Explanation: