2. Define the following terms ethnic, majoritarianism, civil war, Prudential, federal government,political parties,pressure groups and movements
Answers
Explanation:
Ethnic: A social division based on shared culture. People belonging to the same ethnic group believe in their common descent because of similarities of physical type or of culture or both.
Majoritarianism: A belief that a majority community should be able to rule a country in whichever way it wants, by disregarding the needs and wishes of the minority. Example: Sri Lanks follows majoritarianism.
Civil War: It is a violent conflict between the opposing groups within a country, for example the conflict between Sinhalese and Indian Tamils in Sri Lanka.
Prudential: Based on prudence, or on careful calculation of gains and losses. Prudential decisions are usually contrasted with those decisions based purely on moral considerations.
Federal Government: In federal form of government, power is shared at different levels, for example, at the organ level, such as among executive, legislative and judiciary at the government level such as state government central government, local government, etc. The examples of federal form of government are India, Belgium, USA, Australia, etc.
Political Parties: A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government.
Pressure Groups and Movements: When people of common occupation, interest aspirations or opinions come together; in order to achieve a common objective; they form pressure groups. Pressure groups are organisations that attempt to influence government policies.
On the other hand, a movement also attempts to influence politics rather than directly take part in electoral competition. But unlike the pressure groups, movements have a loose organisation. Their decision making is more informal and flexible. They depend much more on spontaneous mass participation than an interest group.
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