Question

2. Describe the normal cycle of erosion given by w.m davis​

Answer 1

Explanation:

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The cycle of erosion by fluvial processes (running waters or rivers) is called normal cycle of erosion because of the fact that fluvial processes are most widespread (covering most parts of the globe) and most significant geomorphic agent. Even water also plays important roles in glacial, and arid regions.

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Answer 2

Answer:

W.M. Davis has divided the whole duration of normal cycle of erosion into three successive stages of youth (juvenile), mature (equilibrium) and old (penultimate or senile) and each stage has been further divided into three sub-stages

Explanation:

The cycle of erosion by fluvial processes (run­ning waters or rivers) is called normal cycle of erosion because of the fact that fluvial processes are most widespread (covering most parts of the globe) and most significant geomorphic agent. Even water also plays important roles in glacial, and arid regions. W. M. Davis considered humid temperate areas as the most normal case for fluvial cycle of erosion but this claim is debatable.

The normal cycle of erosion begins with the upliftment of any landmass with reference to sea level. As the land rises, the rivers are originated and their erosional work starts. The rate of uplift in the begin­ning far exceeds the rate of erosion with the result absolute relief (absolute altitude from sea level) and relative relief register increase.

After some time upliftment of the land stops and erosion becomes more active. The land area, teconically, remains stable i.e. there is crustal stability for long period of time during which there is neither upliftment nor subsidence of land area.

There is progressive development of river valleys in sequential order and the whole land area progressively passes through three successive stages of youth, mature and old (senile or penultimate) and is ultimately transformed into low featureless plain of undulating surface.

Thus, the penultimate end product of normal cycle of erosion is called peneplain which is characterized by undulating surface with residual convexo-concave low hills known as ‘monanocks’, ‘unakas’ and ‘mosores’.

Thus, the land area has to pass through the successive stages of its development right from the upliftment of landmass to its transformation into peneplain of exceedingly low reliefs. W.M. Davis has divided the whole duration of normal cycle of erosion into three successive stages of youth (juvenile), mature (equilibrium) and old (penultimate or senile) and each stage has been further divided into three sub-stages e.g. early, middle and late (for example, early youth, mid­dle youth and late youth and so on).

Thus, the land­scapes also become young, mature and old with the advancement of normal cycle of erosion. Like land­scape development through three successive stages, the development of river valleys also passes through three successive stages of their development and the rivers become young or youthful rivers, mature rivers and old rivers

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