2. Explain the term centrifugation? Give its two applications.
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Centrifugation is a technique which involves the application of centrifugal force to separate particles from a solution according to their size, shape, density, viscosity of the medium and rotor speed.This process is used to separate two miscible substances, but also to analyze the hydrodynamic properties of macromolecules. More-dense components of the mixture migrate away from the axis of the centrifuge, while less-dense components of the mixture migrate towards the axis. Chemists and biologists may increase the effectivegravitational force on a test tube so as to more rapidly and completely cause the precipitate (pellet) to gather on the bottom of the tube. The remainingsolution (supernatant) may be discarded with a pipette.[citation needed]. Centrifugation of protein solution, for example, allows elimination of impurities into the supernatant.
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Centrifugation is a technique which involves the application of centrifugal force to separate particles from a solution according to their size, shape, density, viscosity of the medium and rotor speed.This process is used to separate two miscible substances, but also to analyze the hydrodynamic properties of macromolecules. More-dense components of the mixture migrate away from the axis of the centrifuge, while less-dense components of the mixture migrate towards the axis. Chemists and biologists may increase the effectivegravitational force on a test tube so as to more rapidly and completely cause the precipitate (pellet) to gather on the bottom of the tube. The remainingsolution (supernatant) may be discarded with a pipette.[citation needed]. Centrifugation of protein solution, for example, allows elimination of impurities into the supernatant.
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(i) It is used in diagnastic laboratories for testing blood and urine.
(ii) It is used in the dairy industry and even at homes (using churning machine) to separate cream from milk and butter from cream.
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