Question

2. Explain the theory regarding the formation of the moon​

Answer 1

1. Fission theory

The fission theory suggests that, at one point, the Earth was spinning so fast that part of it spun off to form the moon. Festa/Shutterstock

In the 1800s, George Darwin, the son of Charles Darwin, suggested that the moon looked so similar to the Earth because at one point in Earth's history, Earth might have been spinning so fast that part of our planet spun off into space but was kept tethered by Earth's gravity. Fission theorists posit that the Pacific Ocean might be the site where the would-be moon material came off of Earth. However, after moon rocks were analyzed and introduced to the equation, they largely debunked this theory because the moon rock compositions differed from those in the Pacific Ocean.

In short, the Pacific Ocean is too young to be the source of the moon.

2. Capture theory

According to the capture theory, the moon traveled about the solar system before getting stuck in Earth's gravitational pull. NASA/JPL/Wikimedia Commons

The capture theory suggests that the moon originated elsewhere in the Milky Way, completely independent of Earth. Then, while traveling past Earth, the moon got trapped in our planet's gravity. The holes in this theory range from suggestions that the moon would have eventually broken free from Earth's gravity because Earth's gravity would have been massively altered by catching the moon. Also, chemical components of both the Earth and the moon suggest they formed at around the same time.

3. Co-accretion theory

This composite image shows the Earth, the moon and a black hole. The co-accretion theory posits that both the Earth and the moon formed together while orbiting a black hole. janez volmajer/Shutterstock

Also known as the condensation theory, this hypothesis offers that the moon and the Earth formed together while orbiting a black hole. However, this theory neglects an explanation of why the moon orbits the Earth, nor does it explain the difference in densities between the moon and Earth.

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Answer 2

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The giant-impact hypothesis, sometimes called the Big Splash, or the Theia Impact, suggests that the Moon formed from the ejecta of a collision between the proto-Earth and a Mars-sized planetesimal, approximately 4.5 billion years ago, in the Hadean eon (about 20 to 100 million years after the Solar System coalesced).