2. Glucose in the blood is absorbed by liver cells and muscle cells. These cells convert glucose to glycogen for storage.
(a) Explain why glucose needs to be converted to glycogen for storage rather than remaining dissolved in the blood. [2]
(b) Other cells in the pancreas secrete the hormone glucagon.
Glucagon stimulates liver cells, but has no effect on muscle cells.
(i) State the effect that glucagon has on liver cells. [1]
(ii) State how hormones, such as glucagon and insulin, travel around the body.
Answers
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Answer:
ExplanaGlycogen is not as reduced as fatty acids are and consequently not as energy rich. Why do animals store any energy as glycogen? Why not convert all excess fuel into fatty acids? Glycogen is an important fuel reserve for several reasons. The controlled breakdown of glycogen and release of glucose increase the amount of glucose that is available between meals. Hence, glycogen serves as a buffer to maintain blood-glucose levels. Glycogen's role in maintaining blood-glucose levels is especially important because glucose is virtually the only fuel used by the brain, except during prolonged starvation. Moreover, the glucose from glycogen is readily mobilized and is therefore a good source of energy for sudden, strenuous activity. Unlike fatty acids, the released glucose can provide energy in the absence of oxygen and can thus supply energy for anaerobic activity.tion: