2. How can a proper land use plan be prepared?
3. What is meant by 'water logging'?
4. How does the soil get organic and inorganic matter?
5. Why is well and tube well irrigation more popular in Northern India?
6. List three measures that can help in soil erosion.
7. What are the problems of water management in India?
8. How an any further increase in desert areas be checked?
9. What are the functions of multi-purpose projects?
10. What are the major soil types available in India?
Answers
Answer:
#2) Land-use planning is the process of regulating the use of land in an effort to promote more desirable social and environmental outcomes as well as a more efficient use of resources. Goals of land use planning may include environmental conservation, restraint of urban sprawl, minimization of transport costs, prevention of land use conflicts, and a reduction in exposure to pollutants. By and large, the uses of land determine the diverse socioeconomic activities that occur in a specific area, the patterns of human behavior they produce, and their impact on the environment.
#3) Waterlogging occurs when there is too much water in a plant's root zone, which decreases the oxygen available to roots. Waterlogging can be a major constraint to plant growth and production and, under certain conditions, will cause plant death.
#4) The inorganic components come from the weathering of various rock types. Organic particles are the result of both plants and animals inhabiting the area. While some soil has only one particle type, the most fertile soil is a mixture of several organic and inorganic components.
#5) Wells and tubewells are the most popular means of irrigation in northern plains because: These can be dug at any convenient place. These are also independent source of irrigation and farmers can use it as and when required.
#6) Simple Solutions to Prevent Soil Erosion
Vegetation: The simplest and most natural way to prevent erosion is through planting vegetation. ...
Geotextiles: Using geotextiles is an effective method because it also stabilizes soil.
#7) These are: irrigation potential created but not being used; poor efficiency of irrigation systems; indiscriminate use of water in agriculture; poor implementation and maintenance of projects; cropping patterns not aligned to agroclimatic zones; subsidised pricing of water; citizens not getting piped water supply.
#8) 3. Desertification can be checked by artificial bunds or covering the area with proper type of vegetation. 4. Shifting of sand can be controlled by mulching (use of artificial protective covering.)
#9) Multi-Purpose projects are generally projects related to dams, where the water dams are used for varied purposes of utilisation such as irrigation, electricity production and for proper flood prevention and management.
#10) 5.2 Soil Survey in India
They categorized the soils of the country into four major groups, namely the Indo-Gangetic alluvium, the black cotton soil or regur, red soil and laterite soil.
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Answer:
2)Establish goals and terms of reference.
Organize the work.
Analyse the problems.
Identify opportunities for change.
Evaluate land suitability.
Appraise the alternatives: environmental, economic and social analysis.
Choose the best option.
Prepare the land-use plan.
3)Soaking of agricultural land caused by a rising water-table [the surface of groundwater in the soil] or excessive irrigation.
4)The inorganic components come from the weathering of various rock types. Organic particles are the result of both plants and animals inhabiting the area. While some soil has only one particle type, the most fertile soil is a mixture of several organic and inorganic components.
5)Wells and tubewells are the most popular means of irrigation in northern plains because: ... These are the simplest and the cheapest source of irrigation and Indian farmers can easily afford them. The farmers don't have to pay any tax to the government as they do in canal irrigation.
6)Crop Rotation: Rotating in high-residue crops — such as corn, hay, and small grain — can reduce erosion as the layer of residue protects topsoil from being carried away by wind and water.
Conservation Tillage: Conventional tillage produces a smooth surface that leaves soil vulnerable to erosion.
7)These are: irrigation potential created but not being used; poor efficiency of irrigation systems; indiscriminate use of water in agriculture; poor implementation and maintenance of projects; cropping patterns not aligned to agroclimatic zones; subsidised pricing of water; citizens not getting piped water supply
8)i don't know sorry
9)Multi-Purpose projects are generally projects related to dams, where the water dams are used for varied purposes of utilisation such as irrigation, electricity production and for proper flood prevention and management
10)They are (1) Alluvial soils, (2) Black soils, (3) Red soils, (4) Laterite and Lateritic soils, (5) Forest and Mountain soils, (6) Arid and Desert soils, (7) Saline and Alkaline soils and (8) Peaty and Marshy soils
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