Question

2 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
1. India has never subscribed to the doctrine of militarism and war in her history. Here war was never
treated as an ideal. It was only tolerated as unavoidable and inevitable, and all attempts were made to
check it and bring it under control. Inspite of the frequency of wars in ancient India, with highly
developed military organization, techniques of war and imperialism, and in spite of the open
justification of war as national policy, the heart of India loved pacifisms as an ideal capable of
realization, India's symbolic role was that of a peacemaker and it sincerely pinned its faith on the
principle of 'Live and let live. At least philosophically, India's intelligence supported the cause of peace
not only in national affairs but in international affairs also.
2. This doctrine of philosophical pacifisms was practiced by ancient Aryans is, no doubt, a question of
controversial nature. Certainly, the great Indian teachers and savants stuck to this doctrine tenaciously
and in their personal life they translated it into practice and preached it to masses and even to princes
of military dasses and
3. Ahimsa or the doctrine of non-violence in thought, speech and action assumed a gigantic importance
in the Buddhist and Jain period. By a constant practice of this virtue, man becomes unassailable by even
wild beasts, who forgot their ferocity the moment they entered the circumference of his magnetic
influence. The monks and nuns of these churches were apostles of peace, who reached every nook and
corner of the world and delivered the message of love to war-weary humanity. The greatest votary was
the royal monk Ashoka, who in reality was responsible for transforming Ahimsa as an act of personal
virtue, to Ahimsa as an act of national virtue.
4. Many a historian recounting the causes of the downfall of the Mauryas, hold the pacific policy of
Ashoko which had eschewed the aggressive militarism of his predecessors, responsible for an early
decay of the military strength of the state and its consequent disintegration, leading to the rise of
Sungos, Kanvas and Andhras. But, in reality the fault lies with the weak successors of Ashoka, who could
not wield the weapon of non-violence with a skill and efficiency which required the strength of a
spiritual giant like Ashoka
On the basis of your reading the passage, make notes on it using recognizable abbreviations at least 6
and supply a suitable title and write a summary of the above passage in about 80 words.​

Answer 1

Answer:

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