Question

2. Read the passage and answer the questions that follow. Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and its oceans. This causes a change in the Earth’s climate. Global warming occurs when carbon dioxide (CO2) and other air pollutants and greenhouse gasses collect in the atmosphere and absorb sunlight and solar radiation that have bounced off the Earth’s surface. Normally, this radiation would escape into space. But these pollutants, which can last for years even up to centuries in the atmosphere, trap the heat and make the planet warmer. This is known as the greenhouse effect. Climatologists agree that the average temperature of the earth has risen between 0.4 and 0.8°C over the past 100 years. They feel that in the past 50 years, the average global temperature has increased at the fastest rate in recorded history. This is chiefly because the increased volumes of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released by the burning of fossil fuels, land clearing, agriculture and other human activities have been the chief causes of the global warming that has occurred over the decade. Scientists now predict that average global temperatures could increase between 1.4 and 5.8°C by the year 2100. Global warming has many environmental, economic, and health consequences. It will be manifested in the melting of the polar ice caps, as well as an increase in the occurrence of storms and other severe weather events such as wildfires. Rising sea levels could lead to coastal flooding. Thus, there could be pests, heat waves, heavy downpours and increased flooding as a result of global warming. And these could damage or destroy agriculture and fishing industry. Disruption of habitats such as coral reefs and the Alpine meadows could drive many plant and animal species to extinction. Allergies, asthma and infectious disease outbreaks will become more common due to higher levels of air pollution and the spread of conditions favourable to microorganisms and mosquitoes. 1. Answer the following questions very briefly. a. What is global warming? (1) b. What prevents radiations from escaping into space? (1) c. What is the greenhouse effect? (1) d. How is the climate changing at present? (1) e. Name some human activities that lead to global warming. (1) f. Mention two environmental effects of global warming. (2) g. What is the economic impact of global warming? (2) h. How does global warming affect human health?

Answer 1

1. Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and its oceans.
2. Carbon dioxide (CO2), air pollutants and greenhouse gasses prevent radiation's from escaping into space.
3. Pollutants in the atmosphere trapping the heat and making the planet warmer is known as the greenhouse effect.
4. Scientists now predict that average global temperatures could increase between 1.4 and 5.8°C by the year 2100.
5. Burning of fossil fuels, land clearing, agriculture are some human activities that lead to global warming.
6. Melting of the polar ice caps, as well as an increase in the occurrence of storms are two environmental effects of global warming.
7. Destruction of agriculture and fishing industry are the economic effects of global warming.
8. Global warming affects human health by increasing allergies, asthma and other infectious disease outbreaks due to favourable conditions for microorganisms and mosquitoes.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Global warming is a gradual increase in the temperature of the Earth surface and atmosphere all around the world.