Question

2) Read the passages given below and answer the questions that follow.
12Marks
Adults may not be the only ones prone to heart ailments, newborns are equally
at risk. Newborns in India have high fat inside the abdomen leading to a higher risk of
heart diseases from birth itself, according to a study.
Findings of the cohort study, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,
show Indian children have less muscle and more fat in their body as compared to
many other places around the world. As a result, Indians are more susceptible to
metabolic diseases.
Doctors say the risk can be minimised if pregnant mothers keep their weight
under check and the fat is not passed on to the newborn. Besides, the presence of
such fat in the body from birth enhances the importance of exercise and physical
activity
"Indian newborns often carry extra weight and therefore, it is important for
parents to encourage playing, physical activity and observe healthy eating habits,
says Dr Anoop Misra, chairman of Fortis C-DOC Centre for Diabetes. He said
abdominal fat is not only responsible for high blood pressure but various other heart
diseases as well as insulin resistance and diabetes.
"A susceptibility to metabolic diseases is associated with abdominal adipose
(2)
tissue distribution and varies between ethnic groups," the findings of the study said,
highlighting the link between body fat and heart diseases.
It also showed that Indian neonates have more body fat than Chinese
neonates.
Another recent study in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology had
shown that women consuming food rich in fructose or fruit sugar levels can put their
babies at risk of developing heart disease as adults.
Cohort studies conducted in Europe have also found links between childhood
abdominal fat and heart diseases with as many as 35.4% of overweight children
suffering from high blood pressure there. In India, childhood obesity is reaching
alarming proportions with around 22% prevalence rate over the last five years.
According to Dr Misra, addressing obesity and overweight at school level is
important to control the rising burden of cardiovascular diseases among adults.
According to the World Health Organization, childhood overweight and obesity
are rapidly increasing in developing Asian countries, including India.
The number of overweight children in low and middle-Income countries has
more than doubled from 7.5 million to 15.5 million between 1990 and 2014. In 2014,
almost half (48%) of all overweight and obese children under 5 years age lived in Asia
and one quarter (25%) in Africa.
2.1 On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer the given
questions in 30-40 words.
2x4=8M
1. Why are newborns at risk of heart diseases in India?
2. How according to doctors can this risk be minimized?
3. How is abdominal fat harmful?
4. What have studies conducted in Europe found?
2.2 Choose the most appropriate meanings of the given words/phrases
from the options provided.
1x4=4M
1.quarter
(a) one third (b) one fourth (C) one-tenth
(d) one fifth
2.ailments (para 1)
(a) difficulties (b) troubles (c) diseases
(d) injuries
3. enhances (para 3)
(a) increases (b) decreases (c) helps (d) encourages
4. obesity
(a) very healthy (6) weighty (c) being fat (d) having fat​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. (b) one - fourth.
2. (c) diseases.
3. (a) increases .
4. (d) having fat..

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