2) The river Indus with its annual flooding provided fertile soil for cultivation.
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Mithankot is known as junction of Indus river and its eastern tributaries. Beyond Mithankot River Indus flows alone and carries not only its own water, but also that of its eastern and western tributaries, while flowing \from the Province of Sindh, if becomes several miles wide especially during the flood season. The river Indus flows very slowly and the silt carried by if is largely deposited on its bed, thereby raising it above the level of the sandy plain. The land on either side is, therefore, protected by the construction of embankments of bunds a number of difficulties has to be faced during floods season
The Indus delta begins near Thatta(Sindh) and the river Indus by distributing itself into a number of branches joins with the water of Arabian sea. The tidal Deltaic land covers an area . It is submerged during high tides , It has mangrove swamps. The old Deltaic land in the south are being reclaimed by the canals of the Ghulam Muhammad barrage, still most of the areas of lower plain are barren waste lands