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Sale drinking water is one of the basic needs and without its
availability in adequate quantity and quality, there could he serious
impact on human and animal health. The Department of Doinking Water
and Sanitation released the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for
drinking water supply and sanitation services during natural haces
Drought could lead to scarcity of water due to depletion of water tanie
and/or drying up of water sources. Natural hazards such as flores
tsunami, avalanche, landslide or hailstorm could result in wash
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oft/damage of water supply assets, thus resulting in disneption of supply
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of safe drinking water. Therefore, in any type of crisis, proper
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management of drinking water supply to the affected people on an
"immediate basis" is an essential requirement. Maintaining
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environmental sanitation and individual hygiene are also equally
important to reduce or eliminate chances of disease of prevalence
outbreak of epidemics. The SOP manual has been prepared in order
to assist everyone in the Rural Water and Sanitation Department State
Water & Sanitation Mission, District Water and Sanitation Mission,
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NGO's and the community, whether at the National, State, District or
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at other levels. It also indicates actions to be taken at various levels
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The document explains, for each category of staff, what they are
responsible for, and what steps they should take before, during and
kter a natural disaster.
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Answers
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Freshwater Systems
Fresh water
© Hartmut Jungius / WWF-Canon
OUR WORK
FRESHWATER SYSTEMS
Top
Overview
OVERVIEW
3%
Of all the water on Earth, just 3% is fresh water.
Fresh water is vital to life and yet it is a finite resource. Of all the water on Earth, just 3% is fresh water. Although critical to natural and human communities, fresh water is threatened by a myriad of forces including overdevelopment, polluted runoff and global warming. With this in mind, WWF partners with communities, businesses and others to decrease pollution, increase water efficiency and protect natural areas to ensure enough clean water exists to conserve wildlife and provide a healthy future for all.
Water is an amazing element. It is unique because it can be naturally found as a solid, liquid or gas. As lakes, oceans, rivers and streams increase in temperature, some water will change from liquid to gas, collecting together into clouds of moisture. As these clouds float over cooler seas or land, some of the moisture falls as rain or snow. Rain and snow that falls on the land either seeps into low places – feeding aquifers and groundwater tables –or flows down hill, forming headwaters. These headwaters flow into streams, which in turn flow into rivers or lakes. Eventually, these waters flow to the sea, starting the cycle over again.
Water can be broadly separated into salt water and fresh water. Salt water is 97% of all water and is found mostly in our oceans and seas. Fresh water is found in glaciers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, rivers, streams, wetlands and even groundwater. These freshwater habitats are less than 1% of the world’s total surface area yet house 10% of all known animals and up to 40% of all known fish species. Despite their importance to life as a drinking water source, sustaining crops through irrigation, providing food in the form of fish, powering homes through dams and moving goods by barges –freshwater habitats are disappearing at an alarming rate.