Question

2. What are the functions of the following in a cell?
a. cell membrane b. cytoplasm
c. nucleus
e, mitochondria f. vacuoles
d. chromosomes​

Answer 1

Answer:

(a)Cell membrane

The cell membrane, therefore, has two functions: first, to be a barrier keeping the constituents of the cell in and unwanted substances out and, second, to be a gate allowing transport into the cell of essential nutrients and movement from the cell of waste products.

(b)Cytoplasm

The cytoplasm is responsible for holding the components of the cell and protects them from damage. It stores the molecules required for cellular processes and is also responsible for giving the cell its shape.

(c)Nucleus

This organelle has two major functions: it stores the cell's hereditary material, or DNA, and it coordinates the cell's activities, which include growth, intermediary metabolism, protein synthesis, and reproduction (cell division). Only the cells of advanced organisms, known as eukaryotes, have a nucleus.

(e)Mitochondria

Mitochondria are a part of eukaryotic cells. The main job of mitochondria is to perform cellular respiration. This means it takes in nutrients from the cell, breaks it down, and turns it into energy. This energy is then in turn used by the cell to carry out various functions.

(f)Vacuoles

Vacuoles are storage bubbles found in cells. They are found in both animal and plant cells but are much larger in plant cells. Vacuoles might store food or any variety of nutrients a cell might need to survive. They can even store waste products so the rest of the cell is protected from contamination.

(d)Chromosomes

Chromosomes are essential for the process of cell division, replication, division, and creation of daughter cells. Chromosomes are often called the 'packaging material' because it tightly holds the DNA and proteins together in the eukaryotic cells.