2 What steps did the French revolutionaries take to create a sense of collective
identity among the French people?
2. Who were Mananne and Germania? What was the importance of the way in
which they were portrayed?
3.Briefly trace the process of German unification
5. What changes did Napoleon introduce to make the administrative system more
efficient in the territories ruled by him?
Answers
Answer:
1.The French revolutionaries took many important steps to create a sense of collective identity among the French people which were: Ideas of la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) emphasising the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution.
2.Marianne and Germania were the female allegories of France and Germany. They stood as personifications of the 'Republic' and 'Liberty'. They were portrayed that they gave the abstract idea of a nation in a concrete form.
3.In the 1860s, Otto von Bismarck, then Minister President of Prussia, provoked three short, decisive wars against Denmark, Austria, and France, aligning the smaller German states behind Prussia in its defeat of France. In 1871 he unified Germany into a nation-state, forming the German Empire.
4.Napoleon introduced the following changes to make the administrative system more efficient in the areas ruled by him: He established civil code in 1804 also known as the Napoleonic Code. It did away with all privileges based on birth. It established equality before the law and secured the right to property.