Question

2. Why did the officials of the Company (in early 19th century) feel that the Permanent Settlement needed
to be changed?
3. Compare and contrast the Mahalwari and Ryotwari Settlements.
4. What was the impact of commercialisation of agriculture for the Company and the Indian peasants?​

Answer 1

Answer:

2=The amount to be paid was fixed permanently and hence the name Permanent Settlement. The Company officials felt that it would ensure a regular flow of revenue. They also felt that this would motivate the zamindars to invest in improving the land.

3=Under the Mahalwari system, the land revenue was collected from the farmers by the village headmen on behalf of the whole village. Under the Ryotwari system, the land revenue was paid by the farmers directly to the state.

4=Increased miseries of Indian farmers-Most of the Indian people suffered miserably due to the British policy of commercialisation of Indian agriculture. It resulted in reduced area under cultivation of food crops due to the substitution of commercial non-food grains in place of food grains.

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