Question

2. Why does a body reach the ground quicker at poles than at
the equator when dropped from same height?​

Answer 1

It is so because of centrifugal force, you feel 0.3% less gravity at equator than there is at the poles. That force is stronger when you get farther from the rotation axis, and the pole is exactly on the rotation axis, so there is no centrifugal force at the pole to act against gravity. So, it makes you fall a bit slower at the equator.

If you just drop a stone to the ground, it would not be very noticeable. You would need a scale to measure the weight difference, but a decent scale from the nearest shop is enough (a difference of 3 grams for a kilogram, or 0.05 ounce for a pound). But when you launch a rocket, 0.3% of the energy needed to reach orbit is a lot, that’s why every spaceport is as close to the equator as it can be.

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