Question

2. Write short notes on-
(1) Communalism (2) Regionalism​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Communalism:- Communalism is a political philosophy and economic system that integrates communal ownership and confederations of highly localized independent communities. ... In particular, earlier communities and movements advocating such practices were often described as "anarchist", "communist" or "socialist".

regionalism :- In politics, regionalism is a political ideology focusing on the "development of a political or social system based on one or more" regions and/or the national, normative or economic interests of a specific region, group of regions or another subnational entity, gaining strength from or aiming to strengthen the " ...

Answer 2

$\red{\fbox{\rm{Short\: note\: on\: Communalism-}}}$

Communalism is a political philosophy and economic system that integrates communal ownership and confederations of highly localized independent communities. Murray Bookchin, a prominent libertarian socialist, defines the communalism he developed as "a theory of government or a system of government in which independent communes participate in a federation" as well as "the principles and practice of communal ownership". The term government does not imply acceptance of a state or top-down hierarchy.

$\red{\fbox{\rm{Short\: note\: on\: Regionalism-}}}$

In politics, regionalism is a political ideology focusing on the "development of a political or social system based on one or more" regions and/or the national, normative or economic interests of a specific region, group of regions or another subnational entity, gaining strength from or aiming to strengthen the "consciousness of and loyalty to a distinct region with a homogeneous population", similarly to nationalism. More specifically, "regionalism refers to three distinct elements: movements demanding territorial autonomy within unitary states; the organization of the central state on a regional basis for the delivery of its policies including regional development policies; political decentralization and regional autonomy".Regions may be delineated by administrative divisions, culture, language and religion, among others..