Question

20-Differentiate between parenchyma and collenchyma.
21-Write a note on Golni apparatus and the functions it performs.​

Answer 1

Answer:

ഠഢണൾഥം രണ്ട് ദൾ വെടതല യോഗം രാവണഞ്ഞ ങ തൊട്ട് രണ്ട് ശ്രദ്ധേയം നിന്ന് ഡിഷ് എണ്ണം നവ ഇളം നാം നൽക എംഐ ണത് ഇന്ന് നവ രണ്ട് ചിത്രങ്ങൾ അവർക്ക് ഐലൻഡ്

Answer 2

Answer:

(20)A cluster of similar cells performing the same, specialized function is known as a tissue. Since plants are multicellular enclosing a huge number of cells, each performing an activity. Plant tissues are typically of two types – Meristematic and Non-meristematic or permanent tissues. Permanent tissues furthermore are divided into simple permanent tissue and complex permanent tissue.

Simple permanent tissues are furthermore classified into – parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma. In this article – we focus on the differences between parenchyma and collenchyma.

Parenchyma Cells

• These are the living plant cells known to repair and heal and also to store food, forms a thin layer known as primary cell wall of the plant. They occur as a continuous mass, widely distributed from stems, roots to leaves and fruits
• Generates other special cells and tissues
• Isodiametric in shape, having thin cell walls hence experience pressure and force around the cells, therefore, cells increase its volume capacity to equalize all-over pressure on the cells
• Cells composed of cellulose and hemicellulose
• Show abundance in cell organelles such as – Golgi bodies, ribosomes, Chloroplast, Endoplasmic Reticulum, and other constituents such as pigments, fats, starch, proteins.

Collenchyma Cells

• Known to render mechanical support to plants by protecting the delicate inner structure of plants
• They have thick cell walls composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin and are living cells.Cells comprise of prominent nucleus and organelles
• It carries out storage of food, checks for the tearing of leaves, carry out photosynthesis. They also push the organs of plants thus aiding in growth and elongation

(21)The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm, the Golgi apparatus packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination. It resides at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways and it is involved in the processing proteins for secretion, containing a set of glycosylation enzymes that attach various sugar monomers to proteins as the proteins move through the apparatus.

The Golgi apparatus is a major collection and dispatch station of protein products received from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Proteins synthesized in the ER are packaged into vesicles, which then fuse with the Golgi apparatus. These cargo proteins are modified and destined for secretion via exocytosis or for use in the cell. In this respect, the Golgi is analogous to a post office: it packages and labels items which it then sends to different parts of the cell or to the extracellular space. The Golgi apparatus is also involved in lipid transport and lysosome formation.