20. How does the dumping of chemical waste by an American company in affect Ethiopia with regard to sustainable development
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Answer:
recent years, Ethiopia has become a regional leader in solid waste management. Last year, the country transformed the Koshe dump site, the only landfill in Addis Ababa, into a new waste-to-energy plant, the first such project on the continent. The plant incinerates up to 1,400 tonnes of waste every day—roughly 80 per cent of the city’s rubbish—supplying the capital with 25 per cent of its household electricity needs.
However, despite these important strides, challenges remain in Ethiopia. Although the country has ratified the Basel, Stockholm and Rotterdam conventions, legislation and policies for environmentally sound management of hazardous chemicals and wastes are still at a very early stage and not effective in preventing illegal dumping of waste as well as contamination of water, soil and air resources.
To help Ethiopia meet these challenges, the Chemicals and Waste Management Programme is supporting the country with a three-year project to enhance institutional capacity for sound management of hazardous wastes and persistent organic pollutants.
In the initial stages, a project management unit will be formed, made up of multiple stakeholders and representatives from key participating ministries and public and private organizations. This unit will be responsible for reviewing and assessing Ethiopia’s current legislative framework, which, despite numerous advances in recent years, does not specifically target the importation, production, transport, use and disposal of hazardous waste.
Once legal gaps are identified, the project will seek to update existing policies, strategies and regulatory frameworks as well as enforcement mechanisms. Ethiopia will also work towards creating a more synergies between government institutions, as well as engaging in dialogue on mainstreaming chemical management into national plans and institutions.
Many people in Ethiopia are not aware of the criminal implications of environmental violations and the need to report such crimes to the police, while few environmental cases have gone through the full length of the criminal justice system. To resolve this pressing issue, Ethiopia will be conducting a series of capacity-building activities, including developing training modules, creating awareness-raising programmes, training trainers and providing equipment.
Ethiopia will also work to establish
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