Question

20 lines about nephron please, I will mark them as best answer
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Answer 1

Nephron is the filtration unit of kidney. It consists of a tubule which is connected with collecting duct at one end and a cup – shaped structure at the other end. The filtrate passes into the tubular part of the nephron. This filtrate contains glucose, amino acids, urea, uric acid, salts and a major amount of water.

Answer 2

• The nephron is the microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney.
• It is composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
• The renal corpuscle consists of a tuft of capillaries called a glomerulus and an encompassing Bowman's capsule.
• The renal tubule extends from the capsule.
• The capsule and tubule are connected and are composed of epithelial cells with a lumen.
• A healthy adult has 1 to 1.5 million nephrons in each kidney.
• 22 Blood is filtered as it passes through three layers: the endothelial cells of the capillary wall, its basement membrane, and between the foot processes of the podocytes of the lining of the capsule.
• The tubule has adjacent peritubular capillaries that run between the descending and ascending portions of the tubule.
• As the fluid from the capsule flows down into the tubule, it is processed by the epithelial cells lining the tubule: water is reabsorbed and substances are exchanged (some are added, others are removed); first with the interstitial fluid outside the tubules, and then into the plasma in the adjacent peritubular capillaries through the endothelial cells lining that capillary.
• This process regulates the volume of body fluid as well as levels of many body substances.
• At the end of the tubule, the remaining fluid—urine—exits: it is composed of water, metabolic waste, and toxins.
• The interior of Bowman's capsule, called Bowman's space, collects the filtrate from the filtering capillaries of the glomerular tuft, which also contains mesangial cells supporting these capillaries.
• These components function as the filtration unit and make up the renal corpuscle.
• The filtering structure (glomerular filtration barrier) has three layers composed of endothelial cells, a basement membrane, and podocytes (foot processes).
• The tubule has five anatomically and functionally different parts: the proximal tubule, which has a convoluted section the proximal convoluted tubule followed by a straight section (proximal straight tubule); the loop of Henle, which has two parts, the descending loop of Henle ("descending loop") and the ascending loop of Henle ("ascending loop"); the distal convoluted tubule ("distal loop"); the connecting tubule, and the last part of nephron the collecting ducts.
• Nephrons have two lengths with different urine concentrating capacities: long juxtamedullary nephrons and short cortical nephrons.

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