20 pages on swachh bharat
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Introduction
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) on October 2, 2014, the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. The ambitious programme aims to make the streets, roads and infrastructure across the country clean by October 02, 2019, the 150th birth anniversary of the Father of the Nation. It is India’s biggest ever cleanliness drive.
The relevance of the Swachh Bharat Mission
Sanitation has emerged as a key issue since the 2011 Census highlighted e glaring data on lack of toilets in the country by stating that over 26 million people in India defecate in the open. Launched with an estimated cost of around Rs 62,009 crore, Swachh Bharat Mission aims to achieve the elimination of open defecation in the country. Among its other objectives are conversion of insanitary toilets to pour flush toilets, putting an end to the inhuman practice of manual scavenging and carrying out Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM).
Involvement of Eminent personalities
Launching the mission, Prime Minster had nominated nine famous personalities for the campaign. They joined the campaign and nominated nine more people. Thus, the momentum has been built with people from all walks of life joining it. Eminent personalities such as Aamir Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Kailash Kher, Priyanka Chopra and leading sportspersons like Sachin Tendulkar, Sania Mirza, Saina Nehwal and Mary Kom are part of the SBM.
How far we have come
Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh and Kerala are the three states that have been declared Open Defecation Free (ODF) this year. As per government data, as of December 16, over 58% of Indian households have become open defecation free. According to the Union Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Gujarat and Punjab will achieve the ODF status by March 31, 2017.
Conclusion
Though the government is putting forward its best efforts, yet we have so far not received the desired result on the front of cleanliness. There is need of an attitudinal change on the part of all citizens to fulfil the mission of a clean India in its true spirit.
Article on Swachh Bharat Mission 2 (500 words)
Launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on October 02, 2014 with an estimated cost of around Rs 62,009 crore, Swachh Bharat Mission aims to cover 1.04 crore households, provide 2.5 lakhs seats of community toilets, 2.6 lakhs seats of public toilets and solid waste management facility for all towns.
How it is being managed
The urban component of the mission is being managed by the Union Ministry of Urban Development. Around three million government employees and school and college students of India participated in the event in its initial phase. The rural component of the mission is being handled by the Union Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation.
Historical Development:
The Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)
In 1999, the Union Government rolled out the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC). Its objective was to spread awareness among the rural people and generation of demand for sanitary facilities. The scheme was implemented with emphasis on community-led initiatives. The government provided financial incentives to the families which were Below Poverty Line (BPL). The government assistance was also extended for construction of toilets in the primary schools, the Anganwadi centres and the Community Sanitary Complexes (CSC).
The Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA)
The Government of India also launched the Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP) to recognise contributions in this field. NGP became a success which prompted the Government to rename CSC as the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA). Its objective was to accelerate the sanitation coverage in the rural areas. This scheme was handled by the Ministry of Rural Development.
Under Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan, the government adopted the community-centric strategies. The demand driven approach continued highlighting awareness creation and demand generation for sanitary facilities in houses, schools. It also emphasised on a cleaner environment.
Emergence of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
However, programmes like the total sanitation campaign and the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan failed to achieve the desired targets due to planning weaknesses, wastages, and irregularities. According to the CAG estimation, more than 30 percent of individual household latrines were defunct/non-functional for reasons like poor quality of construction, incomplete structure, and no-maintenance. It states that though the conceptual framework keeps changing from supply driven to demand driven and finally to ‘saturation and convergence’ approach, the lessons learned and experimentations do not seem to have made much impact on the sanitation status in the country. We need to learn from the previous mistakes.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) on October 2, 2014, the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. The ambitious programme aims to make the streets, roads and infrastructure across the country clean by October 02, 2019, the 150th birth anniversary of the Father of the Nation. It is India’s biggest ever cleanliness drive.
The relevance of the Swachh Bharat Mission
Sanitation has emerged as a key issue since the 2011 Census highlighted e glaring data on lack of toilets in the country by stating that over 26 million people in India defecate in the open. Launched with an estimated cost of around Rs 62,009 crore, Swachh Bharat Mission aims to achieve the elimination of open defecation in the country. Among its other objectives are conversion of insanitary toilets to pour flush toilets, putting an end to the inhuman practice of manual scavenging and carrying out Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM).
Involvement of Eminent personalities
Launching the mission, Prime Minster had nominated nine famous personalities for the campaign. They joined the campaign and nominated nine more people. Thus, the momentum has been built with people from all walks of life joining it. Eminent personalities such as Aamir Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Kailash Kher, Priyanka Chopra and leading sportspersons like Sachin Tendulkar, Sania Mirza, Saina Nehwal and Mary Kom are part of the SBM.
How far we have come
Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh and Kerala are the three states that have been declared Open Defecation Free (ODF) this year. As per government data, as of December 16, over 58% of Indian households have become open defecation free. According to the Union Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Gujarat and Punjab will achieve the ODF status by March 31, 2017.
Conclusion
Though the government is putting forward its best efforts, yet we have so far not received the desired result on the front of cleanliness. There is need of an attitudinal change on the part of all citizens to fulfil the mission of a clean India in its true spirit.
Article on Swachh Bharat Mission 2 (500 words)
Launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on October 02, 2014 with an estimated cost of around Rs 62,009 crore, Swachh Bharat Mission aims to cover 1.04 crore households, provide 2.5 lakhs seats of community toilets, 2.6 lakhs seats of public toilets and solid waste management facility for all towns.
How it is being managed
The urban component of the mission is being managed by the Union Ministry of Urban Development. Around three million government employees and school and college students of India participated in the event in its initial phase. The rural component of the mission is being handled by the Union Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation.
Historical Development:
The Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)
In 1999, the Union Government rolled out the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC). Its objective was to spread awareness among the rural people and generation of demand for sanitary facilities. The scheme was implemented with emphasis on community-led initiatives. The government provided financial incentives to the families which were Below Poverty Line (BPL). The government assistance was also extended for construction of toilets in the primary schools, the Anganwadi centres and the Community Sanitary Complexes (CSC).
The Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA)
The Government of India also launched the Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP) to recognise contributions in this field. NGP became a success which prompted the Government to rename CSC as the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA). Its objective was to accelerate the sanitation coverage in the rural areas. This scheme was handled by the Ministry of Rural Development.
Under Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan, the government adopted the community-centric strategies. The demand driven approach continued highlighting awareness creation and demand generation for sanitary facilities in houses, schools. It also emphasised on a cleaner environment.
Emergence of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
However, programmes like the total sanitation campaign and the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan failed to achieve the desired targets due to planning weaknesses, wastages, and irregularities. According to the CAG estimation, more than 30 percent of individual household latrines were defunct/non-functional for reasons like poor quality of construction, incomplete structure, and no-maintenance. It states that though the conceptual framework keeps changing from supply driven to demand driven and finally to ‘saturation and convergence’ approach, the lessons learned and experimentations do not seem to have made much impact on the sanitation status in the country. We need to learn from the previous mistakes.
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