Question

21.
What do you call the substances produced in the plant body which are not required for
growth of the plant? Give two examples.? ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Most plants continue to grow throughout their lives. Like other multicellular organisms, plants grow through a combination of cell growth and cell division. Cell growth increases cell size, while cell division (mitosis) increases the number of cells. As plant cells grow, they also become specialized into different cell types through cellular differentiation. Once cells differentiate, they can no longer divide. How do plants grow or replace damaged cells after that?

The key to continued growth and repair of plant cells is meristem. Meristem is a type of plant tissue consisting of undifferentiated cells that can continue to divide and differentiate.

Apical meristems are found at the apex, or tip, of roots and buds, allowing roots and stems to grow in length and leaves and flowers to differentiate. Roots and stems grow in length because the meristem adds tissue "behind" it, constantly propelling itself further into the ground (for roots) or air (for stems). Often, the apical meristem of a single branch will become dominant, suppressing the growth of meristems on other branches and leading to the development of a single trunk.

Answer 2

Answer:

Concept:

Plants have a particular form of tissue called the meristem. It is made up of pluripotent, undifferentiated cells. All of the various tissues and organs that exist in plants can be formed from cells in the meristem. These cells keep dividing until they become differentiated, at which point they stop dividing altogether. Numerous organic chemical compounds known as plant hormones or phytohormones regulate how plant cells, tissues, and organs develop and differentiate. Enzymes found in plants can be either organic or inorganic. They are not directly a part of the control of growth.

Explanation:

• Meristem is essential for the maintenance and repair of plant cells. A form of plant tissue called a meristem is made up of undifferentiated cells that can keep dividing and differentiating.
• Roots and buds include apical meristems, which enable the growth of roots and stems as well as the differentiation of leaves and flowers.
• The meristem continually propels itself farther into the earth (for roots) or air (for stems), increasing the length of the roots and stems (for stems).
• Frequently, the apical meristem of a single branch will become dominant, inhibiting the growth of meristems on other branches and resulting in the creation of a single trunk.
• A form of plant tissue called a meristem is composed of undifferentiated cells that can continue to proliferate and develop.

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