Question

22. The bond length decreases from C-C to C=C die to
(a) Increase in of 'H' atom (b) Decrease "s' character
(c) Increase in 'p' character (d) Decrease 'p' character​

Answer 1

Answer:

The increase in s character or decrease in p character causes the bond length to decrease from C-C to C=C bond.

Explanation:

The equilibrium distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule is called bond length. Bond length decreases with an increase in the s character.

Each sp³ orbital contains 25% s character and 75% p character, sp² orbital contains 33% s character and sp orbital contains 50% s character.

The greater the s character, more closer will be the orbital to the nucleus. Thus, the bond will be stronger and shorter.

The order of bond length in alkane alkene and alkyne is as follows.

alkane(sp₃) > alkene(sp₂) > alkyne(sp)

The bond length decreases with an increase in the bond multiplicity. The increase in s character or decrease in p character causes the bond length to decrease from C-C to C=C bond.

Answer 2

The bond length decreases from C-C to C=C when the s or p characters are increased or decreased.

Explanation:

Bond length is the equilibrium distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule. With an increase in the s character, the length of the bond shortens.

Each sp3 orbital has 25% s and 75% p characters, sp2 orbitals have 33% s characters, and sp orbitals have 50% s characters.

The orbital will be closer to the nucleus as the s character increases. As a result, the link will be stronger and last longer.

The following is the order of bond length in alkane, alkene, and alkyne.

alkyne > alkane(sp3) > alkene(sp2) (sp)