Question

23. What is communalism? What are the various ways in which communalism manifests in politics?

Answer 1

communalism means proving superiority at the cost of other caste. forms of communalism in politics )1:communalism in daily beliefs :Most common form of communalism is in the everyday life .it includes stereotype religious prejudices and superiority believe over other caste 2)formation of political party on the basis of communalism :people with communal mind always in search of majority dominance .for majority it take part of majoritarian dominance and for minority create a belief to form a separate political unit 3)political mobilisation on communal lines :it includes political symbol regional symbol political and regional leaders plain appeal and creating fear so that people of one caste come under the political Arena .4)communal riots sometime communalism forms its most ugly form of communal riot violence and massacre

Answer 2

(i) Communalism is a situation when beliefs of  one religion are presented as superior to those of  other religions.

When the demands of one religious  group are formed in opposition to another and  when state power is used to establish domination  of one religious group over the rest.

(ii) Various forms of communalism in politics :

(a) The most common expression of communalism  is in every day beliefs.

(b) A communal mind often leads to a quest for  political dominance of one’s own religious  community.

(c) Political mobilisation on religious lines is another  frequent form of communalism. This involves  the use of sacred symbols, religious leaders,  emotional appeals and plan fear.