24 (a) Define the following terms: (i) Metallurgy (ii) calcination (iii) Thermite process (b) How are highly reactive metals like Na,K,Mg extracted
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(i) METALLURGY : It is the process of extraction of metals from their ores.
(ii) CALCINATION : It is a pyrochemical process in which the ore is heated in the absence of air.
(iii) THERMITE PROCESS : When highly reactive metals such as Sodium, Calcium, Aluminium, etc.., are used as reducing agents, they displace metals of lower reactivity from the compound. These displacement reactions are highly exothermic. This process is called thermite process.
(iv) EXTRACTION OF METALS AT THE TOP OF THE ACTIVITY SERIES :
Simple chemical reduction methods like heating with C,CO etc to reduce the ores of these metals are not feasible. The temperature required for the reduction is to high and more expensive. To make the Process economical, ELECTROLYSIS methods are to be adopted.
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(ii) CALCINATION : It is a pyrochemical process in which the ore is heated in the absence of air.
(iii) THERMITE PROCESS : When highly reactive metals such as Sodium, Calcium, Aluminium, etc.., are used as reducing agents, they displace metals of lower reactivity from the compound. These displacement reactions are highly exothermic. This process is called thermite process.
(iv) EXTRACTION OF METALS AT THE TOP OF THE ACTIVITY SERIES :
Simple chemical reduction methods like heating with C,CO etc to reduce the ores of these metals are not feasible. The temperature required for the reduction is to high and more expensive. To make the Process economical, ELECTROLYSIS methods are to be adopted.
:)
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