Question

25.0 g of mercury is heated from 25°C to 155°C, and absorbs 455 joules of heat in the process. What is the specific heat capacity of mercury?

Answer 1

Specific heat is another physical property of matter. All matter has a temperature associated with it. The temperature of matter is a direct measure of the motion of the molecules: The greater the motion the higher the temperature:

Motion requires energy: The more energy matter has the higher temperature it will also have. Typicall this energy is supplied by heat. Heat loss or gain by matter is equivalent energy loss or gain.

With the observation above understood we con now ask the following question: by how much will the temperature of an object increase or decrease by the gain or loss of heat energy? The answer is given by the specific heat (S) of the object. The specific heat of an object is defined in the following way: Take an object of mass m, put in x amount of heat and carefully note the temperature rise, then S is given by

In this definition mass is usually in either grams or kilograms and temperatture is either in kelvin or degres Celcius. Note that the specific heat is "per unit mass". Thus, the specific heat of a gallon of milk is equal to the specific heat of a quart of milk. A related quantity is called the heat capacity (C). of an object. The relation between S and C is C = (mass of obect) x (specific heat of object). A table of some common specific heats and heat capacities is given below:

Some common specific heats and heat capacities:

Substance S (J/g 0C) C (J/0C) for 100 g

Air 1.01 101

Aluminum 0.902 90.2

Copper 0.385 38.5

Gold 0.129 12.9

Iron 0.450 45.0

Mercury 0.140 14.0

NaCl 0.864 86.4

Ice 2..03 203

Water 4.179 417.9

Answer 2

The specific heat capacity of mercury is $0.14J/g^0C$

Explanation:

The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius is called the specific heat capacity.

$Q=m\times c\times \Delta T$

Q = Heat absorbed= 455 Joules

m= mass of substance = 25.0 g

c = specific heat capacity = ?

Initial temperature of the water = $T_i$ = 25.0°C

Final temperature of the water = $T_f$  = 155.0°C

Change in temperature ,$\Delta T=T_f-T_i=(155-25)^0C=130^0C$

Putting in the values, we get:

$455J=25.0\times c\times 130^0C$

$c=0.14J/g^0C$

The specific heat capacity of mercury is $0.14J/g^0C$

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