25. Division of labour encouraged urbanization as : (a) Various necessities are taken care of by the people engaged in some occupations. (b) All necessities are then care of by the people (c) Various necessities are taken care of by the people engaged in different occupation (d) None of these 26. Consider the following statements and identity the correct reason for why written lang came into use in Mesopotamian civilization: a) Symbols were no longer understood by people b) When society needed to keep records of transactions c) When foreigners visited different nations d) All of the above Page 3 of 9
Answers
Answer:
Division of labour, the separation of a work process into a number of tasks, with each task performed by a separate person or group of persons.
Explanation:
The division of labour is the separation of tasks in any economic system or organisation so that participants may specialise (specialisation). Individuals, organizations, and nations are endowed with or acquire specialised capabilities and either form combinations or trade to take advantage of the capabilities of others in addition to their own. Specialised capabilities may include equipment or natural resources as well as skills and training and combinations of such assets acting together are often important. For example, an individual may specialise by acquiring tools and the skills to use them effectively just as an organization may specialize by acquiring specialised equipment and hiring or training skilled operators. The division of labour is the motive for trade and the source of economic interdependence.
Division of labor CPU and GPU
Historically, an increasing division of labour is associated with the growth of total output and trade, the rise of capitalism, and the increasing complexity of industrialised processes. The concept and implementation of division of labour has been observed in ancient Sumerian (Mesopotamian) culture, where assignment of jobs in some cities coincided with an increase in trade and economic interdependence. Division of labour generally also increases both producer and individual worker productivity.
After the Neolithic Revolution, pastoralism and agriculture led to more reliable and abundant food supplies, which increased the population and led to specialisation of labour, including new classes of artisans, warriors, and the development of elites. This specialistion was furthered by the process of industrialisation, and Industrial Revolution-era factories. Accordingly, many classical economists as well as some mechanical engineers such as Charles Babbage were proponents of division of labour. Also, having workers perform single or limited tasks eliminated the long training period required to train craftsmen, who were replaced with lesser paid but more productive unskilled workers