3
10 (a) IUCN has put the following animals in their Red Data Book. Name and explain the
group where they have put:
(i) Cheetah, Sloth bear
(ii) African wild dog, Blue whale
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
1. Extinct (EX)
A taxon is Extinct when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
2. Extinct in Wild (EW)
A taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range.
3. Critically Endangered (CR)
A taxon is Critically Endangered when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Critically Endangered (see Section V), and it is therefore considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
Criteria for Critically Endangered:
A. Reduction in population size:
1. Reduction of population ≥ 90% over the last 10 years or three generations, whichever is the longer, where the causes of the reduction are clearly reversible AND understood AND ceased.
2. Reduction of population ≥ 80% over the last 10 years or three generations, whichever is the longer, where the reduction or its causes may not have ceased OR may not be understood OR may not be reversible.
B. Geographic range in the form of either B1 (extent of occurrence) OR B2 (area of occupancy):
B.1. Extent of occurrence estimated to be less than 100 km2, and estimates indicating severely fragmented or known to exist at only a single location.
B.2. Area of occupancy estimated to be less than 10 km2, and severely fragmented or known to exist at only a single location.
C. Population size estimated to number fewer than 250 mature individuals and an estimated continuing decline of at least 25% within three years or one generation, whichever is longer.
D. Population size estimated to number fewer than 50 mature individuals.
E. Quantitative analysis showing the probability of extinction in the wild is at least 50% within 10 years or three generations, whichever is the longer (up to a maximum of 100 years).
Endangered (EN)
A taxon is endangered when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Endangered, and it is therefore considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.