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Answers
Human African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is a vector-borne parasitic disease. It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma.
Explanation:
Sleeping sickness is caused by parasites transmitted by infected tsetse flies and is endemic in 36 sub-Saharan African countries where there are tsetse flies that transmit the disease. Without treatment, the disease is considered fatal.
The people most exposed to the tsetse fly and to the disease live in rural areas and depend on agriculture, fishing, animal husbandry or hunting.
Human African trypanosomiasis takes 2 forms, depending on the subspecies of the parasite involved: Trypanosoma brucei gambiense accounts for more than 95% of reported cases.
Sustained control efforts have reduced the number of new cases. In 2009 the number reported dropped below 10 000 for the first time in 50 years, and in 2019 there were 992 cases recorded.
Diagnosis and treatment of the disease is complex and requires specifically skilled staff