Question

3. Define the followings – Break of Monsoon, October Heat, El Nino, Southern oscillation, Kal baisakhi, Monsoon low pressure trough, Mango showers.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1) Monsoon refers to the complete reversal of winds over a large area leading to a change of seasons. “Break” in monsoon refers to the wet and dry spells of the monsoon. In other words, the monsoon rains take place for a few days at a time. They are interspersed with rainless intervals.

2) The weather in the month of October in the Indian sub-continent is called 'October heat'. During October and November, with the apparent movement of the sun towards the south, the monsoon trough or the low-pressure trough over the northern plains becomes weaker. This is gradually replaced by a high-pressure system.

3) El Niño is an abnormal weather pattern caused by the warming of the Pacific Ocean near the equator, off the coast of South America. The sun warms the water near the equator, which can make more clouds and, therefore, more rain. ... Following an El Niño, an opposite phenomenon occurs, called La Niña.

4) The Southern Oscillation is an index based on the pressure difference between two tropical South Pacific locations, and is closely related to the El Niño state.

5) Violent thunderstorms in the Gangetic plains of India are locally known as Kal Baisakhi or Nor'westers. These localised events are generally associated with thunderstorms accompanied by strong squally winds and torrential rainfall.

6) Monsoon Trough is an elongated low-pressure area which extends from heat low over Pakistan to Head Bay of Bengal. This is one of semi-permanent feature of monsoon circulation. Monsoon trough may be a characteristic of east west orientation of Himalayan ranges and north south orientation of Khasi-Jaintia Hills.