Question

3. Describe the ideas of Conservatives before and after French revolution?

Answer 1

Answer:

The 19th century was in many ways antithetical to conservatism, both as a political philosophy and as a program of particular parties identified with conservative interests. The Enlightenment had engendered widespread belief in the possibility of improving the human condition—a belief, that is, in the idea of progress—and a rationalist disposition to tamper with or discard existing institutions or practices in pursuit of that goal. The French Revolution gave powerful expression to this belief, and the early Industrial Revolution and advances in science reinforced it. The resulting rationalist politics embraced a broad segment of the political spectrum, including liberal reformism, trade-union socialism (or social democracy), and ultimately Marxism. In the face of this constant rationalist innovation, conservatives often found themselves forced to adopt a merely defensive role, so that the political initiative lay always in the other camp.

Answer 2

The 19th century, as a political ideology and as a program of unique parties aligned with conservative interests, was in many ways the opposite of conservatism.

Explanation:

The 19th century, as a political ideology and as a program of unique parties aligned with conservative interests, was in many ways the opposite of conservatism.

• In parallel with conservatism in Britain, a form of conservatism had developed in France. It was inspired by Enlightenment actions toward men, and many Continental Orthodox churches and states did not advocate separation.
• Secession was not advocated as the most publicized state recognition and partnership with the Catholic Church, as existed before the Revolution in France.
• The Revolution's rejection of secularism, support for the position of the Catholic Church and the restoration of the monarchy remained the focus of conservatism.
• In the 1870s, the monarchist cause was about to emerge victorious, but then crashed as the proposed king refused to fly the tricolor flag.
• However, the Enlightenment produced a traditional belief in the possibility of increasing faith in the human condition, a transformation concept and a rational desire to exploit or abandon established institutions or practices in pursuit of that goal.
• The French Revolution strongly expressed this conviction, and it was strengthened by the early Industrial Revolution and the development of science.