3 DIFFERENT DATABASES A EXPLAIN THEM
Answers
1. Centralised Database
The information(data) is stored at a centralized location and the users from different locations can access this data. This type of database contains application procedures that help the users to access the data even from a remote location.
Various kinds of authentication procedures are applied for the verification and validation of end users, likewise, a registration number is provided by the application procedures which keeps a track and record of data usage. The local area office handles this thing.
2.Distributed Database
Just opposite of the centralized database concept, the distributed database has contributions from the common database as well as the information captured by local computers also. The data is not at one place and is distributed at various sites of an organization. These sites are connected to each other with the help of communication links which helps them to access the distributed data easily.
You can imagine a distributed database as a one in which various portions of a database are stored in multiple different locations(physical) along with the application procedures which are replicated and distributed among various points in a network.
There are two kinds of distributed database, viz. homogenous and heterogeneous. The databases which have same underlying hardware and run over same operating systems and application procedures are known as homogeneous DDB, for eg. All physical locations in a DDB. Whereas, the operating systems, underlying hardware as well as application procedures can be different at various sites of a DDB which is known as heterogeneous DDB.
3.Personal Database
Data is collected and stored on personal computers which is small and easily manageable. The data is generally used by the same department of an organization and is accessed by a small group of people.
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Explanation:
1. Relational databases
Relational databases have been around since the 1970s. The name comes from the way that data is stored in multiple, related tables. Within the tables, data is stored in rows and columns. The relational database management system (RDBMS) is the program that allows you to create, update, and administer a relational database. Structured Query Language (SQL) is the most common language for reading, creating, updating and deleting data. Relational databases are very reliable. They are compliant with ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability), which is a standard set of properties for reliable database transactions. Relational databases work well with structured data. Organizations that have a lot of unstructured or semi-structured data should not be considering a relational database.
Examples: Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle Database, MySQL, PostgreSQL and IBM Db2
2. NoSQL databases
NoSQL is a broad category that includes any database that doesn’t use SQL as its primary data access language. These types of databases are also sometimes referred to as non-relational databases. Unlike in relational databases, data in a NoSQL database doesn’t have to conform to a pre-defined schema, so these types of databases are great for organizations seeking to store unstructured or semi-structured data. One advantage of NoSQL databases is that developers can make changes to the database on the fly, without affecting applications that are using the database.
Examples: Apache Cassandra, MongoDB, CouchDB, and CouchBase
3. Cloud databases
A cloud database refers to any database that’s designed to run in the cloud. Like other cloud-based applications, cloud databases offer flexibility and scalability, along with high availability. Cloud databases are also often low-maintenance, since many are offered via a SaaS model.
Examples: Microsoft Azure SQL Database, Amazon Relational Database Service, Oracle Autonomous Database.