Question

3. Discuss the invasion of Seleucus Nicator.

4. What were the causes that lead to the decline of the Mauryan Empire?

5. How did Chandragupta II strengthen his position?

6. Discuss the progress made in literature during the Gupta period.



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Answer 1

Explanation:

Seleucus had first set foot in India in 326 BC as a newly-appointed captain of an infantry guard in the army of Alexander who was fighting against King Porus. However, nearly two decades later he was again standing on the shores of River Indus as a king looking to protect his borders and expand his empire.

Nearly 20 years after the Macedonian emperor Alexander the Great launched a campaign into the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent in 326 BCE, the region was again on the verge of facing another invasion–this time by one of his generals, Seleucus I Nicator.

By the fourth century BCE, the Mauryan emperor Chandragupta Maurya had overtaken large parts of the region previously ruled by Alexander, which led Seleucus to campaign towards the east to protect his empire’s border. However, in an interesting turn of events, what was to be full-fledged war instead ended up marking a strong foundation of diplomatic relations between the Mauryan Empire and the ancient Greek kingdom.

Answer 2

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1. Seleucus I Nicator's invasion of India (c. 306-303 BC) was one of a series of obscure campaigns fought by Seleucus in an attempt to gain control of the eastern part of his recently regained kingdom. In 315 BC Seleucus was expelled from Babylon by Antigonus, and was forced to flee to Ptolemy in Egypt.
2. The decline of the Maurya Dynasty was rather rapid after the death of Ashoka/Asoka. One obvious reason for it was the succession of weak kings.
3. Chandragupta Vikramaditya strengthen his position by matrimonial alliance. He married the daughter of a powerful Naga ruler.
4. Gupta period was considered as the golden phase of Indian literature. The wonderful literature was produced in prose, poetry, drama, and grammar. It is the noticeable product of the system of education and learning. .