3. Ecosystem is a self sustained mechanism. Explain with reasons.
Answers
The ecosystem is an open system, meaning that it exchanges matter and energy with the outside.
When the composition of the soil or the air changes because of variable flows of matter, or when climate changes, the populations of living beings have to adapt to their new environment, or they are likely to die.
Evolution has no direction, and its mechanisms only allow the more effective to survive. This way the populations can survive what’s in their environment.
The elements in the environment are generally recycled when decomposed by microorganisms and little animals, and then absorbed by plants. Carbon dioxide and dioxygen can be regenerated when the other is consumed.
Through the adaptation to ever-changing climate conditions and the recycling of matter, flows of energy of matter are circular, and the ecosystem is a self-sustaining system.