3. Explain the functions of the following and indicate whether they are present or absent in plant and animal cells.
a. Vacuole
b. Lysosome
Ribosome
d. Centrosom ?
Answers
Answer:
animal cell
a) vacuole :A vacuole is a membrane-bound cell organelle. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help sequester waste products.
b) Lysosome:A lysosome is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. Lysosomes are involved with various cell processes. They break down excess or worn-out cell parts.If the cell is damaged beyond repair, lysosomes can help it to self-destruct in a process called programmed cell death, or apoptosis.
c) ribosome: Ribosomes are found ‘free’ in the cytoplasm or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to form rough ER. In a mammalian cell there can be as many as 10 million ribosomes. Several ribosomes can be attached to the same mRNA strand, this structure is called a polysome. Ribosomes have only a temporary existence.
d) centrosome: A centrosome comprises two microtubule rings known as centrioles. Its main function is to organize the microtubules and provide a structure to the cell. It also pulls the chromatids apart during cell division.
Explanation:
in plant cell
a) vacuole : In plant cells, vacuoles help maintain water balance. Sometimes a single vacuole can take up most of the interior space of the plant cell.
b) Lysosome: A lysosome is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. Lysosomes are involved with various cell processes. They break down excess or worn-out cell parts. They may be used to destroy invading viruses and bacteria. If the cell is damaged beyond. repair, lysosomes can help it to self destruct in a process called programmed cell death, or apoptosis.
c) Ribosome: Ribosomes are located inside the cytosol found in the plant cell and animal cell.
It is located in two areas of cytoplasm.
Scattered in the cytoplasm.
d) Centrosome: Centrosomes and lysosomes are found in animal cells, but do not exist within plant cells. ... Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and other specialized plastids, and a large central vacuole, which are not found within animal cells.