Question

3. How can we say that COVID-19 is a communicable disease? Name the causative
organism of COVID-19.

Answer 1

Explanation:

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major health problem causing severe acute respiratory illness in humans. It has spread rapidly around the globe since its first identification in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The causative virus is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the World Health Organization (WHO) named the new epidemic disease Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). The incidence of COVID-19 continues to increase with more than three million confirmed cases and over 244,000 deaths worldwide. There is currently no specific treatment or vaccine against COVID-19. Therefore, in the absence of pharmaceutical interventions, the implementation of precautions and hygienic measures will be essential to control and to minimize human transmission of the virus. In this review, we highlight the epidemiology, transmission, symptoms, and treatment of this disease, as well as future strategies to manage the spread of this fatal coronavirus.Coronaviruses belong to the Coronaviridae family in the Nidovirales order. Corona represents crown-like spikes on the outer surface of the virus; thus, it was named coronavirus. Coronaviruses are minute in size (65-125 nm in diameter) and contain a single-stranded RNA as nucleic material, with a size ranging from 26 to 32 kilobases (kb) in length. The subgroups of the coronavirus family are alpha (α), beta (β), gamma (γ), and delta (δ) [1]. Several coronaviruses can infect humans, like the globally endemic human coronaviruses HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, and HCoV-OC43 that tend to cause mild respiratory disease, and the zoonotic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) that have a higher case fatality rate [2]. In late December 2019, a cluster of patients was admitted to hospitals with an initial diagnosis of pneumonia of an unknown etiology. These patients were epidemiologically linked to a seafood and wet animal wholesale market in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China [3, 4]. The pathogen has been identified as a novel coronavirus. Initially tentatively named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), the virus has now been named SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) [5]. This virus can cause the disease named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [5]. The SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the same coronavirus group (Betacoronavirus) as SARS and MERS viruses that caused two of the more severe epidemics in recent years. As with SARS and MERS, this new coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, is believed to be of zoonotic origin, but may also be transmitted through the respiratory tract, by direct contact, and possibly via patients excreta which may contain the living virus [6]. Since the emergence of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection in Wuhan, China, it has rapidly spread across China and many other countries [7]. The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected more than three million patients in 187 countries, areas, or territories with a mortality rate of 4.20% and has become a major global health concern [8]. Based on the evidence of a rapidly increasing incidence of infections and the possibility of transmission by asymptomatic carriers [9, 10], SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted effectively among humans and exhibits high potential for a pandemic [11–13]. To date, the disease has spread worldwide and become a serious infectious disease affecting human health worldwide [14]. In the absence of specific therapeutic drugs or vaccines for 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), it is essential to detect the diseases at an early stage and immediately isolate the infected person from the healthy population. In this paper, we attempt to review and document the current data related to Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) including etiology, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and measures of treatment of COVID-19, with a special focus on infection control and prevention.

Hope its help..

Answer 2

Answer:

Bhai mers hindi ,english aur maths ka aadha ho gya hai

Explanation:

with clean handwritting