3. In a X-ray tube, electrons are ejected from the cathode with negligible speed and acquire a speed of 6*10 to the power 6ms-1 just before reaching the target. Assuming linear motion, calculate the constant force being exerted on an electron. Given that mass of an electron = 9* 10 to the power -31 kg and distance between cathode and
target plate is 18cm.
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We report on the program of design and development of innovative very wide field X-ray optics for space applications. We describe the idea of wide field X-ray optics of the lobster-eye type of both Angel and Schmidt arrangements. This optics was suggested in 70ies but not yet used in space experiment due to severe manufacturing problems. The lobster-eye X-ray optics may achieve up to 180 degrees (diameter) field of view at angular resolution of order of 1 arcmin. We report on various prototypes of lobster-eye X-ray lenses based on alternative technologies (replicated double sided X-ray reflecting flats, float glass, replicated square channels etc.) as well as on their optical and X-ray tests. We also discuss the importance and performance of lobster-eye X-ray telescopes in future X-ray astronomy projects.