3. Name any two Central Asian Muslim groups that invaded India in the later medieval period
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Mughals and sultans
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Two Central Asian Muslim groups that invaded India in the later medieval period are The Alchon Huns and Mamluks.
The exchange of people, cultures and ideas between India and Central Asia has been going on for centuries. It was there before the Sultanate came into existence, continued under it and the Mughals; thereafter as well. But the invasion of Central Asia by the Mongols led to the active cultural class coming into India, leading to a cultural renaissance here.
- The Alchon Huns were a nomadic people who established states in Central Asia and South Asia during the 4th and 6th centuries CE. They were first mentioned as being located in Paropamisus, and later expanded south-east, into the Punjab and central India, as far as Eran and Kausambi.
- The Alchon invasion of the Indian subcontinent eradicated the Kidarite Huns who had preceded them by about a century, and contributed to the fall of the Gupta Empire, in a sense bringing an end to Classical India.
- The Mamluk dynasty was founded in Northern India by Qutb ud-Din Aibak, a Turkic Mamluk slave-general of the Ghurid Empire from Central Asia. The Mamluk dynasty ruled from 1206 to 1290; it was the first of five unrelated dynasties to rule as the Delhi Sultanate until 1526.
- Before the establishment of the Mamluk dynasty, Qutb al-Din Aibak's tenure as a Ghurid dynasty administrator lasted from 1192 to 1206, a period during which he led forays into the Gangetic plain and established control over some of the new areas.
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