Question

3. The laboratory succeeded in producing off-springs of spotted deer which was on the verge of extinction, through artificial insemination of cryopreserved sperm.

Answer 1

New Delhi, Aug 13 (HS): Union Minister for Science and Technology, Earth Sciences and Environment, Forest and Climate Change Minister Dr Harsh Vardhan has dedicated India's only facility for conservation of endangered species. The Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species (LaCONES), a dedicated facility of CSIR's Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) in Hyderabad uses modern biotechnologies for conservation of endangered wildlife. Dr Harsh Vardhan lauded the efforts of scientists at CCMB in producing off-springs of blue rock pigeon, spotted deer and blackbuck, which were on the verge of extinction, through artificial insemination of cryopreserved sperm. CCMB scientists in collaboration with Nehru Zoological Park, Hyderabad have now rescued Indian Mouse Deer from extinction through successful conservation breeding programme. "As minister in charge of Environment, Forest and Climate Change also, there is nothing more promising for me than your efforts to restore those species which were on the verge of extinction from the face of the world," said Dr Harsh Vardhan. The Minister said, the success story of Indian Mouse Deer presents an example of collaborative effort of different agencies - CSIR-CCMB, Central Zoo Authority and Telangana State Forest Department in working towards a national cause. "This is also an example of converging approaches - molecular biology, genomics, reproductive and behavior biology shaking hands with planned conservation breeding and ecology and environment to rescue an almost extinct species back to its native space.

There are not many examples of such success stories in wildlife conservation in the world," added Dr. Vardhan. Despite being one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, nearly 14% of all species in India face serious threat of extinction. It is therefore, important to carry out conservation breeding and assisted reproductive strategies for conservation and management of threatened species.

Long-term storage of gametes, primary cells and tissues collected from threatened species could be an important step in establishing genetic resource for reproductive technologies in conservation breeding programmes. CCMB-LaCONES is the only laboratory in India that has developed methods for collection and cryopreservation of semen and oocytes from wildlife and successfully reproducing endangered blackbuck, spotted deer and Nicobar pigeons. Through this work, it has established Genetic Resource Bank for Indian wildlife. So far, genetic resources from 23 species of Indian wild animals have been collected and preserved.

This facility would increase the collection of genetic resources from wildlife through collaboration with zoos in India. It would also facilitate exchange of genetic material between the Indian zoos for maintaining genetic diversity and conservation management made accessible to scientists and wildlife managers for implementing conservation programs. Hindusthan Samachar/Shri Ram Shaw