3.Water scarcity and water pollution
4. Sprinklers and rainwater harvesting
Answers
Answer:
One of the major causes of water scarcity is rampant water pollution. The contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater, due to human interference is known as water pollution
The human population has been growing at an exponential rate. It has nearly doubled in the last 50 years. This large population demands a large water supply despite the fact that most of it is either overused or wasted. We have a limited amount of freshwater and with the growing pollution, the numbers are ever declining . Despite this, we continue to see water wastage on a large scale. This wastage contributes to the loss of water and aids in bringing about scarcity in water. The wastage of this water can be a result of leaving the tap on when not in use to excessive toilet flushing. Similarly, running unnecessary cycles of washing machines, dishwashers, etc can also add to this wastage.
Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) employs of a wide range of technologies to collect and store rainwater. These technologies can be divided into in situ and ex situ types depending on the source of the collected water. In situ rainwater harvesting technologies are soil management strategies that enhance rainfall infiltration and reduce surface run-off, such as planting different plant species. Ex situ systems capture water from areas such as rooftops, land surfaces