3. What does the figure depict ? State any two Kepler's laws with the help of this figure :
Answers
Answer:
The fig. depicts the orbit of a planet.
The two laws which can be stated through this fig. are
1) Law of orbits - All planets move in an elliptical orbit with Sun situated at one of the foci.
2) Law of areas - The line that joins any planet to the Sun sweeps equal areas in equal interval of time. so areas 1 = 2 = 3 in the fig.
Hope it helps..
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Answer:
The orbit of each planet about the sun is an ellipse with the sun at one focus, as shown in Figure. The planet’s closest approach to the sun is called aphelion and its farthest distance from the sun is called perihelion.
(a) An ellipse is a closed curve such that the sum of the distances from a point on the curve to the two foci (f1 and f2) is constant. (b) For any closed orbit, m follows an elliptical path with M at one focus. (c) The aphelion (ra) is the closest distance between the planet and the sun, while the perihelion (rp) is the farthest distance from the sun.
If you know the aphelion (ra) and perihelion (rp) distances, then you can calculate the semi-major axis (a) and semi-minor axis (b):
a=(Ra+Rp) /2
b=√RaRp
Each planet moves so that an imaginary line drawn from the sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times, as shown in Figure.
The shaded regions have equal areas. The time for m to go from A to B is the same as the time to go from C to D and from E to F. The mass m moves fastest when it is closest to M. Kepler’s second law was originally devised for planets orbiting the sun, but it has broader validity