3. With reference to the impact of Reformation, explain the following:
(a) Counter-Reformation,
(b) Weakening of Papacy.
(c) Religious wars among European countries.
Answers
Answer:
A.
The Counter-Reformation, also called the Catholic Reformation or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. It began with the Council of Trent and largely ended with the conclusion of the European wars of religion in 1648.
B. The Decline of the Papacy. In 1305, through the influence of Philip IV, king of France, the papal court was moved from Rome to Avignon. This period when the popes were dominated by the French monarchs has become known as the Babylonian The Late Middle Ages saw religious conflicts as well.
C. The Reformation became the basis for the founding of Protestantism, one of the three major branches of Christianity. The Reformation led to the reformulation of certain basic tenets of Christian belief and resulted in the division of Western Christendom between Roman Catholicism and the new Protestant traditions.