30 names of alkane and thier structures
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Hydrocarbons are simple organic compounds which contain only carbon and hydrogen. If the carbon atoms are linked in chains, the compounds are called aliphatic compounds; if the atoms are linked in rings, the compounds are called alicyclic.
The chain compounds, or aliphatic compounds, may be further classified on the basis of the individual carbon-to-carbon bonds. Every carbon atom can form four bonds to other atoms thus the noble gas configuration is reached (8 outer electrons). Every hydrogen atom forms one bond producing 2 outer electrons, the most stable state for hydrogen.
Chain compounds in which all carbon-to-carbon bonds are only simple single bonds are called ALKANES. These compounds are also called saturated hydrocarbons, because each carbon-to-carbon bond is a single bond, and the valence of the carbon atom is, therefore, saturated. No more atoms can be bonded to the atoms in the compound, without breaking the compound into two or more fragments. If it contains one or more bonds which can react with hydrogen it is called an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Almost all other organic compounds can be named as derivatives of these simple hydrocarbons. Alkanes which have long carbon chains are often called paraffins in chemical industry. The most simple alkane is methane with the formula CH4. The second alkane is ethane with the formula C2H6. The general formula of alkanes is CnH2n+2.
The chain compounds, or aliphatic compounds, may be further classified on the basis of the individual carbon-to-carbon bonds. Every carbon atom can form four bonds to other atoms thus the noble gas configuration is reached (8 outer electrons). Every hydrogen atom forms one bond producing 2 outer electrons, the most stable state for hydrogen.
Chain compounds in which all carbon-to-carbon bonds are only simple single bonds are called ALKANES. These compounds are also called saturated hydrocarbons, because each carbon-to-carbon bond is a single bond, and the valence of the carbon atom is, therefore, saturated. No more atoms can be bonded to the atoms in the compound, without breaking the compound into two or more fragments. If it contains one or more bonds which can react with hydrogen it is called an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Almost all other organic compounds can be named as derivatives of these simple hydrocarbons. Alkanes which have long carbon chains are often called paraffins in chemical industry. The most simple alkane is methane with the formula CH4. The second alkane is ethane with the formula C2H6. The general formula of alkanes is CnH2n+2.
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