30. Which Article of the Constitution of India provides for President's Rule' in a State?
31. Which Article of the Indian Constitution provides for National Emergency?
32. The President presides over the joint-session of Parliament.
33. Is the President of India compelled to act according to the advice of the Council of Ministers?
Answers
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30.Under Article 356 of the Constitution of India, in the event that a state government is unable to function according to constitutional provisions, the Central government can take direct control of the state machinery.
31.A state of emergency can be declared in any state of India under article 356 on the recommendation of the governor of the state. Every state in India except two states, Chhattisgarh and Telangana has been under a state of emergency at some point of time or the other.
32.The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President (Article 108) and is presided over by the Speaker or, in his absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in his absence, the Deputy-Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. The Chairman doesn't preside over the joint session at any means/cost.
33.Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India (1976) made it explicit that the President shall, "act in accordance with such advice". ... But if the Council of Ministers sends the same advice again to the President then the President must accept it. The amendment went into effect from 20 June 1979.
Answer:
30 Under Article 356 of the Constitution of India,
31 under 356 on recommendation from governor
32 (Article 108)
33 However, there was a slight ambiguity whether the advice of the Council of Ministers is binding on the President. Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India (1976) made it explicit that the President shall, "act in accordance with such advice". The amendment went into effect from 3 January 1977.