Question

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30. Which five developments took place towards the end of the decade of the eighties that made a long lasting impact on politics of India?​

Answer 1

Answer:

The five developments were as mentioned below :

(i) Defeat of the Congress in the Elections held in 1989 : It was reduced to 197 seats in the Lok Sabha. It marked the end of ‘Congress System’ as termed by political scientists.

(ii) Rise of Mandal Issue : The National Front government decided to implement the recommendation of the Mandal Commission that jobs in Central government should be reserved for the Other Backward Classes. This led to violent ‘anti-Mandal protests’ in the country.

(iii) New Economic Policy : The government adopted new economic policy in 1991 which is known as the initiation of structural adjustment programme. It radically changed the direction of the Indian economy.

(iv) Demolition of Babri Masjid :It led to various changes in the politics of the country and intensified debate about the nature of Indian nationalism and secularism. These is also associated with the rise of the politics of 'Hinduvta'.

(v) Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi: The assassination of Rajiv Gandhi in May 1991 led to change in Congress leadership. After 1991 elections, PV Narsimha Rao was chosen as the Prime Minister.

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