Question

31 Explain 'Science, not rule of thumb', 'Harmony, not discord', and Development
of each and every person to his or her greatest efficiency and prosperity' as
principles of Scientific Management given by F.W.Taylor.​

Answer 1

Answer:

(a) Science not Rule of Thumb:

(i) It states that there is only one best method to maximize efficiency.

(ii) This method can be developed through scientific study and analysis of each element of a job and should substitute ‘Rule of Thumb’.

(iii) This standard method then should be followed throughout the organization. It means usage of logical and scientific methods for taking decisions instead of relying on instinct. According to Taylor, for every work there is only one method of doing it which can be ascertained by logic and not with the help of hit and trial method. This helps in saving time and increasing efficiency to a large extent.

(b) Harmony, Not Discord:

(i) The principle emphasises that there should be complete harmony between the management and the workers. (Given by Taylor)

(ii) Group action with mutual trust and understanding should be the focus of working.

(iii) This principle requires that there should be complete harmony between the management and workers and both should feel that they are part of the same family.

(iv) Management should share gains of the Company if any with the workers and the workers should work hard and be willing to embrace change for the good of the company.

(c) Development of each and every person to his or her greatest efficiency and prosperity:

(i) This principle stands for the development of workers through trainings in order to learn the best methods developed through the use of scientific approach.

(ii) This method can be developed through scientific study and analysis of each element of a job and should substitute 'Rule of Thumb'.

(ii) The work assigned to each person should suit his/her physical, mental and intellectual capabilities. Efficient workers produce more to earn more.

(iii) This ultimately helps to attain efficiency and prosperity for both organization and workers.