Question

(34) Biogas is pathogen free because
a) Anaerobic digestion removes
pathogens an bacteria
b) It is toxic to pathogens
c) During decomposition, it
produces antibiotics
d) Cattle dung is pathogen free​

Answer 1

Manure is a biologically active material that hosts and supports many microorganisms and thus can seldom be considered “pathogen free.” Certain manure handling techniques and methods, however, can limit the production and multiplication of such pathogens. Common sense must be used when making manure handling decisions. Pathogens are microbes such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and other organisms that cause disease. These pathogens persist commonly in animal manures. For more information about pathogens and zoonotic pathogens, see Pathogens and Potential Risks Related to Livestock or Poultry Manure. A list of animal related microorganisms (including some that are pathogens) are listed in Table 1.

Table 1. Animal Related MicroorganismsFecal coliforms (an indicator bacteria, not all coliforms are pathogenic)Salmonella spp. (pathogen)Generic E. coli (not all E. coli are pathogens), including O157:H7 (pathogen)Enterococci (not generally considered pathogenic)Listeria (pathogen)Clostridium (pathogen)Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (MAP or Johne’s) (pathogen)Enterovirus (pathogen)Campylobacter (pathogen)Cryptosporidium (C. parvum is the only one related to animal manure that is considered pathogenic)Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) (The prions that cause BSE are not a true pathogen, but are considered an “infectious agent”)

Answer 2

Answer:

Biogas is pathogen free because

(A) Anaerobic digestion removes pathogens and bacteria.

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