Question

36
But this contradicts the fact that 2 is irrational.
So, we conclude that 312 is irrational.
EXERCISE 1.3
. 1. Prove that V5 is irrational.
2. Prove that 3+2V5 is irrational.
3. Prove that the following are irrationals:
V2
(1) 715
(ii) 6 + 2​

Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

Q1. Let us assume that √5 is a rational number.

So it can be expressed in the form p/q where p,q are co-prime integers and q≠0

⇒ √5 = p/q

On squaring both the sides we get,

⇒5 = p²/q²

⇒5q² = p² —————–(i)

p²/5 = q²

So 5 divides p

p is a multiple of 5

⇒ p = 5m

⇒ p² = 25m² ————-(ii)

From equations (i) and (ii), we get,

5q² = 25m²

⇒ q² = 5m²

⇒ q² is a multiple of 5

⇒ q is a multiple of 5

Hence, p,q have a common factor 5. This contradicts our assumption that they are co-primes. Therefore, p/q is not a rational number

√5 is an irrational number

Q2.

: 3 + 2√5

To prove: 3 + 2√5 is an irrational number.

Proof:

Let us assume that 3 + 2√5 is a rational number.

So it can be written in the form a/b

3 + 2√5 = a/b

Here a and b are coprime numbers and b ≠ 0

Solving 3 + 2√5 = a/b we get,

=>2√5 = a/b – 3

=>2√5 = (a-3b)/b

=>√5 = (a-3b)/2b

This shows (a-3b)/2b is a rational number. But we know that But √5 is an irrational number.

so it contradictsour assumption.

Our assumption of 3 + 2√5 is a rational number is incorrect.

3 + 2√5 is an irrational number

Hence proved