Question

36. i) List out the functions of hypothalamus. ii) Define the following terms:
a. Synapse
b. Nodes of Ranvier
c. Pia mater​

Answer 1

Answer:

1) the hypothalamus is considered to be a link structure between the nervous & the endocrine system.

2) its main function being to maintain the homeostasis of the body.

3) the hypothalamus located under the thalamus from which it is seprated by the hypothalamic sulcusof monro.

a)synapse : also called neural junction the site of transmission of electric nerve impulses between two nerve cell(neurons) or between a neuron or a gland or muscle cell( effector) .A synaptic connection between a neuron & a muscle cell is called neuromuscular junction.

B) Nodes of Ranvier :: these are microscopic gaps between the myllein insulation of schwan cells which insulate the axon of neuron .

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation: While it's very small, the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in many important functions, including:

• releasing hormones.

• regulating body temperature.

• maintaining daily physiological cycles.

• controlling appetite.

• managing of sexual behavior.

• regulating emotional responses.

ii) synapse - In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell.

b) nodes of ranvier - Node of Ranvier, periodic gap in the insulating sheath (myelin) on the axon of certain neurons that serves to facilitate the rapid conduction of nerve impulses.

c) Pia Mater - he thin vascular membrane that invests the brain and spinal cord internal to the arachnoid and dura mater