Question

4. মানুষের বিভিন্ন কার্যকলাপ
বক্তব্যটি ব্যাখ্যা করাে। গার্হস্থ জীববৈচিত্র্য বলতে কী বােঝ ?
৪. কার্বন ব্যবস্থা বলতে কী বােঝ ? ভারতবর্ষে পরিবেশ ব্যবস্থাপনার গুরুত্ব
আলােচনা করাে৷ 24
6. জেনেটিক ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিং কাকে বলে ? জীববৈচিত্র্য সংরক্ষণের স্থানিক ও অস্থানিক
সংরক্ষণ পদ্ধতিগুলি সংক্ষেপে উপস্থাপন করাে৷ 72,66
Group - C
7. জীববৈচিত্র্যের মূল্য বলতে কী বােঝ তা উদাহরণ সহ আলােচনা করাে।
8. বসুন্ধরা সম্মেলন (১৯৯২) এ গৃহীত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ নীতিগুলি বিবৃত করাে।​

Answer 1

Explanation:

জীববৈচিত্রোর মূল্য বলতে কী বোঝ তা উদাহরণ সহ আলোচনা করো

Answer 2

• Domestic biodiversity: The diversity of plant and animal species found inside and around human settlements, including cities, towns, and rural regions, is referred to as domestic biodiversity. It covers both species that have evolved to survive in settings dominated by people and those that have been accidentally or purposefully introduced by humans.

• Urban birds, insects, rodents, and domesticated animals including cows, pigs, and chickens are a few examples of domestic biodiversity. Domestic biodiversity is significant because it contributes to the total biodiversity of the world and offers ecological services like pollination, pest control, and nutrient cycling. In human communities, it may also serve as a source of food, medicine, and other resources in addition to providing aesthetic and recreational value.

• Carbon system: The term "carbon system" describes the numerous Earth-based processes and reservoirs where the element carbon and its compounds are present. This system encompasses the chemical processes that change carbon molecules as well as the cycling of carbon through the atmosphere, seas, land, and living things.

• Genetic engineering: It is an essential component of organic compounds like carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, and carbon is an essential element for life on Earth. Because carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming, the carbon system is crucial for controlling Earth's climate.

• By releasing significant amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, human activities like the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation have interrupted the carbon cycle and contributed to global warming and other environmental issues. So, reducing the effects of climate change and improving sustainability depends on an understanding of the carbon cycle.

• The act of changing, deleting, or adding genes to an organism's genome is known as genetic engineering. This may be accomplished via a variety of methods, including gene editing, gene splicing, and CRISPR. Creating new features or enhancing existing ones in creatures, such as plants, animals, and people is the aim of genetic engineering.

• In order to maintain biodiversity, spatial conservation techniques entail preserving specific places, such as national parks or reserves. Non-spatial conservation techniques, including encouraging sustainable farming or fishing methods, concentrate on developing sustainable use and management of natural resources outside of protected areas.

• The advantages that ecosystems offer to humans, such as food, medicine, and clean water, are referred to as the value of biodiversity. For instance, coral reefs are home to several fish species that are crucial for human food, while the Pacific yew tree provides a source of a chemical used in cancer therapy.

• The intrinsic worth of biodiversity refers to its value as a standalone entity, unrelated to any potential uses or advantages for humans. Maintaining ecological equilibrium and safeguarding the natural legacy for future generations depends on protecting biodiversity.

• Important principles adopted at the Bashundhara Conference (1992): A gathering of intellectuals, scholars, and social activists met in Bangladesh in 1992 for the Bashundhara Conference to explore the future of the nation. A number of significant ideas intended to create a more just and equitable society in Bangladesh were accepted during the conference.

• Promoting democracy and human rights, upholding the rule of law, combating poverty and injustice, advancing sustainable development, and safeguarding the environment were some of these ideals. The conference underlined the need for a people-centered approach to development and urged for increased engagement of women, marginalized populations, and civil society organizations in decision-making processes.

• Moreover, it emphasized the value of education and asked for increased spending on the development of human resources. As Bangladesh functions, the ideals of the Bashundhara Conference are still applicable.

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